BMD (Dexa Scan)

Bone Mineral Densitometry (DEXA Scan)

Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA / BMD) is the gold-standard diagnostic technique for measuring bone mineral density, assessing osteoporosis risk, and estimating fracture susceptibility. It utilizes low-dose X-ray beams of two distinct energy peaks to quantify bone mass in critical anatomical regions.

Key Assessment Sites & Clinical Utility

• Lumbar Spine (L1-L4): Evaluating trabecular bone density and vertebral compression fracture risk.

• Femoral Neck & Total Hip: Measuring cortical bone density to predict hip fracture probability.

• Forearm (Radius 33%): Alternative diagnostic site when spine or hip evaluation is contraindicated.

• T-Score & Z-Score Calculation: Standardized statistical comparison against peak young adult reference populations according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.

Who Should Undergo a DEXA Scan?

DEXA screening is recommended for postmenopausal women, men aged 65 and older, individuals on long-term corticosteroid therapy, or patients with previous fragility fractures. Patients should avoid taking calcium supplements for 24 hours prior to the test and wear metal-free, comfortable clothing.